{"id":35,"date":"2020-07-23T16:53:00","date_gmt":"2020-07-23T11:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/types-of-literary-criticism\/"},"modified":"2023-06-27T22:31:52","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T17:01:52","slug":"types-of-literary-criticism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/types-of-literary-criticism\/","title":{"rendered":"Types of Literary Criticism"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\"Types<\/a>
Types of literary Criticism<\/figcaption><\/figure>

TYPES OF LITERARY CRITICISM<\/h1>
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Legislative criticism<\/b><\/h2>
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Legislative criticism<\/b> was earliest. The critic sought to teach writers how to write and laid down cannons, rules, formulae of literary composition. This school dominated the sixteenth century and died its natural death in the seventeenth century. It occasionally raises its head in a trickle of handbooks of composition and \u201ccreative writing\u201d assembled by American academics.<\/p>

Judicial criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Judicial criticism<\/b> seeks to pronounce judgment on works of literature based on certain rules. Such rules are derived often wrongly from Greek and Latin masters. Dr. Johnson<\/a> may be regarded as a typical example. No proper evaluation is possible in this way.<\/p>

Theoretical criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Theoretical criticism<\/b> deals with literary aesthetics. Attention is not on a particular work but the study is made of the process of creation and the basic principles of artistic beauty and in this way a literary theory created. Sydney\u2019s \u201cAn Apology for poetry\u201d<\/a> was beginning of this school and Dryden later contributed to it significantly. S.T.Coleridge\u2019s \u201cBiographia Literaria\u201d put a full stop to it. Best theoretical criticism has come from the pens of poet-critics.<\/p>

Evaluative criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Evaluative criticism<\/b> is concerned with the assessment or evaluation of the worth and the significance of art. The work is examined regarding standards that may be aesthetic, moral, or purely personal and thus an attempt is made to estimate it\u2019s place and importance. We find in the case of T.S. Eliot considers moral and ethical standards as necessary to determine the greatness of the work of literature. Such evaluations are subjective and likely to differ from critic to critic and age to age.<\/p>

Historical criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Historical criticism<\/b> views a work of art against the background of age in which it was written. Historical criticism examines a work regarding social milieu and thus seeks to account for his shortcomings and excellencies. It also examines a work regarding other works in the same genre and determines its importance and place. Often, the critic with pre-occupation with history forgets merit of work under consideration.<\/p>

Biographical criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Biographical criticism<\/b> considers writers’ family background, ancestry, personal circumstances, friends, profession, occupation, etc. and also character and temperament and ideas and beliefs of the writer. T.S.Eliot\u2019s famous theory of the impersonality of poetry is a warning against the pitfalls of biographical criticism.<\/p>

Comparative criticism<\/b><\/h2>
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Comparative criticism<\/b> seeks to evaluate a work by comparing it to other works of similar nature, wither in the same or other languages. Mathew Arnold was the advocate and exponent. He also suggested the \u201cTouchstone Method\u201d for measuring intrinsic excellence of a work of art. This method expects critics to have thorough knowledge not only of anyone literature but several kinds of literature. The comparison must be made between works of the same type and genre. It can be both illuminating and interesting.<\/p>

Descriptive criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Descriptive criticism<\/b> is the analysis of work, aims, methods, and effects. Dryden\u2019s criticism begins with self-justification, the poet discussing his works and defending against hostile attach as in prefaces. His essay \u201cEssay of Dramatic Poesy<\/a>\u201d is a good example of descriptive criticism.<\/p>

Impressionistic criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Impressionistic criticism<\/b> seeks merely to record of personal response. It is a record of the critic\u2019s responses, application of aesthetic beauty, untrammeled by rules and regulation. The critic does not evaluate a work nor does call it good or bad. He simply conveys how he has enjoyed. Much of romantic criticism is individualistic. Walter Pater is impressionistic in his criticism. Often such critics are wayward, unbalanced, and erratic, most of this belongs only to the past.<\/p>

Textual or Ontological criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Textual or Ontological criticism<\/b> in the modern age this is a new trend. Consideration is the thing in itself and is studied examined analyzed without consideration of extrinsic factors as biography, history, sociology, psychology. Critic concentrates on structure, diction, language, image meter, tone, theme, etc. We may call them New Critics or Formalists.<\/p>

Psychological criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Psychological criticism<\/b> based on Freud, Jung, Bergson, and others. It provides critic as precise terminology and allows him to discuss the creative process. Dr. I.A.Richards is one of the ablest and most prominent practitioners of this type of criticism.<\/p>

Sociologic and Marxist criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Sociologic and Marxist criticism<\/b> enjoyed popularity in the twentieth century. This examines the work of art regarding the social milieu of its author, keeping in mind the artist\u2019s responsibility to society. Art is not created in a vacuum. It is not the work of a person. The author is fixed in time and space answerable to the community. Therefore, the sociologic critic is interested in understanding how is the author connected to society. Marxist criticism is a special type of social criticism.<\/p>

Archetypal criticism<\/b><\/h2>

Archetypal criticism<\/b> is a branch of psychological criticism which deals with the unconscious, not of the writer or his imagined characters, but the human race. It is also called \u201cTeutonic\u201d, \u201cMythological\u201d, or \u201cRitualistic\u201d criticism. It tries to examine literature with the hope of discovering the existence of the mythological pattern. It is based on Sigmund Freud\u2019s theory of collective consciousness. It is proposed that civilized man preserves though unconsciously, those prehistoric areas of knowledge which he articulated. Obliquely in primitive myths \u2013 James Frazer and Miss Jessie Weston have demonstrated that human behavior and culture follow the same pattern in all ages and places. Poets like T.S.Eliot make mythical parallels and contrasts between past and present. Critics study and examine literary masterpieces with the hope of discovering mythical patterns.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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ALSO READ<\/p>

English literature Q\/A<\/a><\/p>

Literary Criticism &#038; Theories<\/a><\/p>

External sources :\u00a0https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Literary_criticism<\/a><\/p>

https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/art\/literary-criticism<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TYPES OF LITERARY CRITICISM \u00a0 Legislative criticism \u00a0 Legislative criticism was earliest. The critic sought to teach writers how to 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Richards- Literary CriticI.A. Richards- BiographyPrinciples of Literary CriticismThe Meaning of Meaning:Coleridge on ImaginationThe Philosophy of Rhetoric I.A. Richards- Literary Critic I.A. Richards- Biography I.A. Richards, whose full name is Ivor Armstrong Richards, was a prominent British literary critic and educator. 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