{"id":1347,"date":"2023-06-14T08:41:11","date_gmt":"2023-06-14T03:11:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/?p=1347"},"modified":"2023-06-14T08:42:17","modified_gmt":"2023-06-14T03:12:17","slug":"prague-linguistic-circle-prague-school-russian-formalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/prague-linguistic-circle-prague-school-russian-formalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Prague Linguistic Circle (Prague School)- Russian Formalism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prague.jpg?resize=1024%2C574&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Prague School\" class=\"wp-image-1348\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prague.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prague.jpg?resize=300%2C168&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prague.jpg?resize=768%2C431&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/prague.jpg?resize=150%2C84&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prague Linguistic Circle (Prague School)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Formalism was officially banned in Russia in 1936<br>\u2013 The Communists could not accept the practice of<br>ostranenie or defamiliarization, which came into conflict<br>with Socialist Marxism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Formalists relocated to Prague in 1926<br>\u2013 Here it came to be called the Prague Linguistic Circle<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The first president, Vil\u00e9m Mathesius<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Major figures (total 50)<br>\u2013 Roman Jakobson<br>\u2013 Nikolai Trubetzkoy<br>\u2013 Jan Mukarovsky<br>\u2013 Rene Wellek<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Prague Linguistic Circle,<\/strong> also known as the <strong>Prague School,<\/strong> emerged as a continuation of the Formalist movement after many Formalists relocated to Prague from Russia in 1926. The move was prompted by the banning of <strong>Formalism in the Soviet Union in 1936<\/strong>, as the Communist regime found the ideas of defamiliarization and formal analysis to be at odds with Socialist Marxism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Prague Linguistic Circle was established in Prague, <strong>Czechoslovakia <\/strong>(now the Czech Republic), and it became a hub for innovative linguistic and literary theory. Vil\u00e9m Mathesius, a Czech linguist, served as the first president of the circle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Roman Jakobson, Nikolai Trubetzkoy, Jan Mukarovsky, and Rene Wellek<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Prague Linguistic Circle consisted of approximately 50 members, including influential figures such as <strong>Roman Jakobson, Nikolai Trubetzkoy, Jan Mukarovsky, and Rene Wellek.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Roman Jakobson, a key figure in both the <a href=\"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/moscow-linguistic-circle-group-of-linguists-and-grammarians-russian-formalism\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1329\">Moscow Linguistic Circle <\/a>and the Prague Linguistic Circle, made significant contributions to linguistic theory and structuralism. He focused on the study of phonology, semiotics, and the role of language in communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/opoyaz-society-for-the-study-of-poetic-language\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1342\">OPOYAZ \u2013 Society for the Study of Poetic Language<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nikolai Trubetzkoy<\/strong>, also a member of the <a href=\"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/moscow-linguistic-circle-group-of-linguists-and-grammarians-russian-formalism\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1329\">Moscow Linguistic Circle<\/a> before joining the Prague School, was known for his work in phonology. His theories on phonological features and the study of sound patterns had a profound impact on linguistic analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Jan Mukarovsky,<\/strong> a Czech literary and cultural theorist, played a crucial role in developing the field of literary structuralism within the Prague School. He emphasized the interplay between literary form and social context, considering the aesthetic and ideological functions of literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rene Wellek,<\/strong> a literary critic and theoretician, was associated with the Prague School and made significant contributions to literary theory and the study of literary history. He emphasized the importance of historical and formal analysis in understanding literary texts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Prague Linguistic Circle<\/strong> focused on a structuralist approach to language and literature. They developed a comprehensive framework for analyzing various elements of language, including phonology, syntax, semantics, and literary devices. Their approach also considered the social and cultural aspects that influence language and literature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Prague School&#8217;s work had a lasting impact on linguistic and literary theory, influencing fields such as semiotics, structuralism, and literary criticism. The circle&#8217;s members went on to have influential careers and their ideas continue to shape the study of language and literature today. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Also read<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/linguistics\/The-Prague-school\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/linguistics\/The-Prague-school\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/linguistics\/The-Prague-school<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prague School<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1348,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAow3MbQCw:productID":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Formalism- important key concepts","author":"witcritic","date":"June 14, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Russian Formalism Highly influential in post-Revolution Russia from the1910s to the 1930s Following the Bolshevik Revolution, ViktorShklovsky published his essay \u201cArt as Technique\u201d\u2013 This was another intellectual revolution\u2013 Shklovsky emphasized the autonomy and liberatingpower of art and aesthetics This was against the Marxist views on art being a reflection ofideal\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Literary Theories&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Literary Theories","link":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/category\/literary-theories\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/russian-formalism.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/russian-formalism.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/russian-formalism.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/russian-formalism.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/russian-formalism.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1329,"url":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/moscow-linguistic-circle-group-of-linguists-and-grammarians-russian-formalism\/","url_meta":{"origin":1347,"position":1},"title":"Moscow Linguistic Circle (Group of linguists and grammarians) Russian Formalism","author":"witcritic","date":"June 14, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Moscow Linguistic Circle Group of linguists and grammarians The Moscow Linguistic Circle (MLC) was a prominent group of linguists and scholars active in Moscow, Russia, during the early 20th century. The circle played a significant role in the development of linguistic theories and the establishment of structural linguistics as a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Group of linguists and grammarians\"","block_context":{"text":"Group of linguists and grammarians","link":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/tag\/group-of-linguists-and-grammarians\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Moscow-Linguistic-Circle.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1342,"url":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/opoyaz-society-for-the-study-of-poetic-language\/","url_meta":{"origin":1347,"position":2},"title":"OPOYAZ &#8211; Society for the Study of Poetic Language","author":"witcritic","date":"June 14, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Viktor Shklovsky OPOYAZ Founded in 1916 Russian acronym for the Society for the Study ofPoetic Language (Obshchevsto po izucheniyupoeticheskogo yazyka) Formed at Petrograd (formerly St Petersburg) \/Leningrad Group of literary historians Major theorists\u2013 Boris Eichenbaum\u2013 Viktor Shklovsky\u2013 Yuri Tynianov\u2013 Osip Brik OPOYAZ, an acronym for the Society for the Study\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Literary Criticism&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Literary Criticism","link":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/category\/literary-criticism\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"opoyaz","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/witcritic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Viktor_Shklovsky.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1350,"url":"https:\/\/witcritic.com\/index.php\/defamiliarization-ostranenie-key-concept-in-russian-formalism\/","url_meta":{"origin":1347,"position":3},"title":"Defamiliarization (Ostranenie)-key concept in Russian Formalism","author":"witcritic","date":"June 14, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Defamiliarization Ostranenie Defamiliarization, also known as ostranenie, is a concept that originated within the Russian Formalist movement and was further developed by theorists such as Viktor Shklovsky. 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